Writing instructions

From this unit you will:

• work out the main features of written instructions
• compare some good and bad instructions
• learn how verbs are used in particular tenses and command verbs
• recognise the need for good order when writing instructions
• have the chance to show that you can write clear instructions.

How and why?

You know the situation: the video player timer is broken. You need to have your favourite programme taped, as you're going out, but your mum's hopeless - she just can't remember how to use the video. So you're going to have to leave her instructions on how to operate the video recorder.

In the following list, click to put a tick beside the statement if you think it's important when writing instructions - leave it blank if you don't (you can click again in the box to change your mind).

The Good and the bad

Now you know what to look out for, read the two sets of instructions below. Decide which you think is more successful and why. Click on the button when you have decided.

This is the form of the verb which tells you to do something. For example:

• eat this
• let go
• come on.

Often they come at the start of a sentence. They make it clear what a person should do, so you can probably see why they are useful for instructions.

Look again at extract B below. The verbs have been put in bold for you. Tick those verbs which are in the command/imperative by clicking in the box beside the verb.

Good timing

Instructions are usually written in the present tense, as though the action is happening now. E.g. 'The record button is the one...'

Sometimes the future tense is used. E.g. 'You will need to prepare...'

Look at these examples. Click in the boxes to show the verbs which are in the future tense. If you change your mind, click in the box again.

The right order

Putting instructions into the right order is vital. You could cause irritation, and even real problems for your reader, if you don't get it right.

Your mum has decided to get her own back. She has left some instructions for you on how to clean the car. However, they are a bit of a jumble and they could be a lot clearer. Put them into the right order by numbering them 1 to 6. Your mum will be delighted to see how you can improve her writing!

Put it to the test

So now you should be aware of what type of writing is needed in order to create successful instructions.

Let's see if you can write a clear set of instructions of your own.

First here are some tips:

• work out the right order for your instructions
• keep your sentences short and simple
• number your instructions if you wish
• use command verbs
• use the present or sometimes the future tense
• present your writing clearly.

Choose one of these tasks.

1. Write instructions for a new student on how to get from one part of your school to another, e.g. from your classroom to the library.

2. Write out a recipe for a pen pal for one of your favourite dishes.

3. Choose a useful computer program and write instructions on how to use it for a friend.

You are allowed to use up to ten different instructions. Write your instructions in your notebook.

Write a title: 'Instructions on how to ...'

 ·  Introduction
 ·  Teachers' notes
 ·  An argument
 ·  A diary
 » Instructions
 ·  A letter
 ·  A report
 ·  A research project
 ·  A review
 ·  A short story